Question 1

Regarding use of calcium supplements, which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   Supplements containing oyster shell and dolomite should be labeled "purified" to be considered safe.
B)   Intakes over 500 milligrams per dose may interfere with absorption of iron and zinc.
C)   For maximum absorbability, any form of calcium supplements should be taken between meals.
D)   The USP label warns consumers that the supplement may contain high levels of lead or aluminum.E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 2

About ______ of adults are sodium sensitive.

Accepted Answer

A)   10% - 15%
B)   25% - 30%
C)   45% - 50%
D)   70% - 75%E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 3

Up to one or two alcoholic drinks per day

Accepted Answer

A)   is a reasonable alcohol intake for an adult with hypertension.
B)   may reduce the risk for ischemic stroke.
C)   is a reasonable alcohol intake for adults of legal drinking age.
D)   All of these choices are correct.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 4

A severe iodide deficiency during early pregnancy may result in an infant afflicted with

Accepted Answer

A)   scurvy.
B)   rickets.
C)   congenital hypothyroidism.
D)   xerophthalmia.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 5

Oxygen binds to iron, contained in in RBCs.

Accepted Answer

A)   hemosiderin
B)   hematocrit
C)   hemoglobin
D)   hemostatE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 6

Which of the following people is likely to have the highest percentage of body water?

Accepted Answer

A)   A highly trained male athlete
B)   A highly trained female athlete
C)   An obese woman
D)   An elderly manE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 7

The most practical advice for prevention of hypertension is

Accepted Answer

A)   maintain a healthy weight.
B)   engage in 60 - 90 minutes of vigorous exercise on most days of the week.
C)   take diuretics.
D)   restrict sodium intake to 2000 milligrams per day.E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 8

Primary hypertension

Accepted Answer

A)   is also known as the "white coat syndrome."
B)   has no clear-cut cause.
C)   is a result of kidney disease.
D)   is a result of sleep apnea.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 9

A goiter may form as a consequence of an inadequate intake of

Accepted Answer

A)   copper.
B)   magnesium.
C)   sodium.
D)   iodide.E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 10

Zinc competes with for absorption.

Accepted Answer

A)   chromium
B)   copper
C)   chloride
D)   vitamin CE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

This mineral can be protective for the teeth when introduced into the water supply; however it can cause tooth mottling when consumed in high quantities.

Accepted Answer

A)   Fluoride
B)   Copper
C)   Iron
D)   SeleniumE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

The most economical way to supply fluoride is

Accepted Answer

A)   fluoride tablets.
B)   topical fluoride gels.
C)   fluoridation of the municipal water supply.
D)   fortification of foods with fluoride.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 13

About 95% of Americans exceed the Upper Level for

Accepted Answer

A)   water.
B)   sodium.
C)   potassium.
D)   calcium.E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

Besides calcium and phosphorous, _______________ is another mineral important for bone health.

Accepted Answer

A)   iron
B)   sodium
C)   magnesium
D)   sulphurE) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 15

Postmenopausal women are more prone to fractures than premenopausal women primarily because

Accepted Answer

A)   low estrogen levels accelerate bone loss.
B)   low progesterone levels accelerate bone loss.
C)   older women are unable to maintain physical activity.
D)   accumulation of iron in the blood depletes bone minerals.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 16

The process of equalizing ion concentration by movement of fluid through a semipermeable membrane is known as

Accepted Answer

A)   nerve impulse transmission.
B)   osmosis.
C)   osteoporosis.
D)   diuresis.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 17

For prevention of osteoporosis, strength training is

Accepted Answer

A)   recommended because the stress on bones stimulates bone maintenance.
B)   recommended because it decreases estrogen levels.
C)   not recommended because it increases fracture risk.
D)   not recommended because it increases testosterone levels.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 18

Hypertension can lead to

Accepted Answer

A)   cardiovascular disease.
B)   kidney disease.
C)   declines in brain function.
D)   All of these choices are correct.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 19

The selenium level in a food is tightly associated with

Accepted Answer

A)   fortification of the food.
B)   selenium content of the soil.
C)   fortification of the feed provided to animals.
D)   the fat content of the food.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 20

Which of the following food combinations would provide the most phosphorus?

Accepted Answer

A)   Strawberries, orange juice, potatoes
B)   Cream of wheat, enriched bread, muffin
C)   Cheeseburger on whole-wheat bun, cola
D)   Broccoli and cauliflower saladE) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Exam 9: Water and Minerals

About 95% of Americans exceed the Upper Level for

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Besides calcium and phosphorous, _______________ is another mineral important for bone health.

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The process of equalizing ion concentration by movement of fluid through a semipermeable membrane is known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A goiter may form as a consequence of an inadequate intake of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Regarding use of calcium supplements, which of the following is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following food combinations would provide the most phosphorus?

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The most practical advice for prevention of hypertension is

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Oxygen binds to iron, contained in in RBCs.

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About ______ of adults are sodium sensitive.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Postmenopausal women are more prone to fractures than premenopausal women primarily because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

For prevention of osteoporosis, strength training is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most economical way to supply fluoride is

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A severe iodide deficiency during early pregnancy may result in an infant afflicted with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Primary hypertension

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The selenium level in a food is tightly associated with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Zinc competes with for absorption.

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Which of the following people is likely to have the highest percentage of body water?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

This mineral can be protective for the teeth when introduced into the water supply; however it can cause tooth mottling when consumed in high quantities.

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Hypertension can lead to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Up to one or two alcoholic drinks per day

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