Question 1

The stomach empties into the small intestine through the

Accepted Answer

A)   pyloric sphincter.
B)   esophageal sphincter.
C)   sphincter of Oddi.
D)   ileocecal sphincter.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 2

What is one function of the pyloric sphincter?

Accepted Answer

A)   Prevents esophageal contents from emptying too quickly into the stomach
B)   Prevents stomach contents from backing up into the esophagus
C)   Prevents intestinal contents from backing up into the stomach
D)   Prevents intestinal contents from emptying too quickly into the colonE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 3

The organelles that are known as the "power plants" or the "powerhouses" of the cell are the

Accepted Answer

A)   mitochondria.
B)   nuclei.
C)   ribosomes.
D)   lysosomes.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 4

Which of the following is true about the lymphatic system?

Accepted Answer

A)   The specialized fluid carried by this system is blood.
B)   This system never intersects with the bloodstream.
C)   It is not involved in the transport of nutrients.
D)   It is important for transporting fat-soluble nutrients.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 5

Which hormone functions in the regulation of the body's metabolic rate?

Accepted Answer

A)   vitamin D
B)   thyroid hormone
C)   glucagon
D)   insulinE) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

Which of the following, upon digestion, is NOT normally absorbed directly into the bloodstream?

Accepted Answer

A)   Minerals
B)   Fats
C)   Carbohydrates
D)   ProteinsE) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 7

The ______ system is assisted by the lymphatic system and the physical barriers of the skin and gastrointestinal tract.

Accepted Answer

A)   respiratory
B)   skeletal
C)   immune
D)   nervousE) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 8

The study of how genes determine our nutritional requirements is called

Accepted Answer

A)   nutrigenomics.
B)   nutrigenetics.
C)   nutritional biochemistry.
D)   genetic engineering.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 9

Which absorptive process in the small intestine requires a carrier and energy to transport nutrients into absorptive cells?

Accepted Answer

A)   Phagocytosis
B)   Facilitated diffusion
C)   Passive diffusion
D)   Active absorptionE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 10

All of the following are features of the epiglottis EXCEPT which one?

Accepted Answer

A)   It covers the opening of the trachea.
B)   It prevents food from entering the windpipe during swallowing.
C)   It guides food down the esophagus.
D)   It is the first GI tract sphincter.E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 11

In passive absorption, nutrients enter the cell

Accepted Answer

A)   with a carrier.
B)   with the expenditure of energy.
C)   from an area of higher solute concentration to one of lower concentration.
D)   from an area of lower solute concentration to one of higher concentration.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

Partially digested food that enters the small intestine from the stomach is called

Accepted Answer

A)   bolus.
B)   mass.
C)   chyme.
D)   bile.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 13

Peristalsis refers to

Accepted Answer

A)   chewing and swallowing.
B)   the opening and closing of sphincters.
C)   the action of bile on dietary fat.
D)   muscular movement of materials through the GI tract.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 14

When food enters the small intestine, a hormone stimulates the release of ______ from the pancreas.

Accepted Answer

A)   bile
B)   acid
C)   bicarbonate
D)   mucusE) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 15

Excessive acid production in the stomach or upper small intestine could result in

Accepted Answer

A)   poor iron, calcium, and folate absorption.
B)   excessive intestinal bacterial growth.
C)   an ulcer.
D)   decreased fiber digestion and absorption.E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

Which of the following therapies is appropriate for treatment of occasional heartburn?

Accepted Answer

A)   Aspirin
B)   Antacids
C)   Orange juice
D)   Milk and creamE) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 17

The study of the ways nutrients and food influence gene expression is called

Accepted Answer

A)   epidemiology.
B)   molecular biology.
C)   nutrigenomics.
D)   nutrigenetics.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 18

Nutrient-rich blood leaving the intestine goes by way of a vein to the

Accepted Answer

A)   kidneys.
B)   heart.
C)   liver.
D)   pancreas.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 19

Which large blood vessel is the first to receive most recently eaten nutrients, transporting them to the liver?

Accepted Answer

A)   Hepatic portal vein
B)   Mesenteric vein
C)   Subclavian vein
D)   Hepatic veinE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

These protein-based substances enhance digestion by making chemical reactions more likely to happen.

Accepted Answer

A)   Bile
B)   Emulsifiers
C)   Enzymes
D)   HormonesE) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Exam 3: The Human Body: a Nutrition Perspective

Partially digested food that enters the small intestine from the stomach is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following therapies is appropriate for treatment of occasional heartburn?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When food enters the small intestine, a hormone stimulates the release of ______ from the pancreas.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The stomach empties into the small intestine through the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In passive absorption, nutrients enter the cell

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ______ system is assisted by the lymphatic system and the physical barriers of the skin and gastrointestinal tract.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Peristalsis refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

These protein-based substances enhance digestion by making chemical reactions more likely to happen.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Excessive acid production in the stomach or upper small intestine could result in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which hormone functions in the regulation of the body's metabolic rate?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following are features of the epiglottis EXCEPT which one?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following, upon digestion, is NOT normally absorbed directly into the bloodstream?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true about the lymphatic system?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The study of how genes determine our nutritional requirements is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which large blood vessel is the first to receive most recently eaten nutrients, transporting them to the liver?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The organelles that are known as the "power plants" or the "powerhouses" of the cell are the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The study of the ways nutrients and food influence gene expression is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is one function of the pyloric sphincter?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which absorptive process in the small intestine requires a carrier and energy to transport nutrients into absorptive cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Nutrient-rich blood leaving the intestine goes by way of a vein to the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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