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The most important impact of the Hawthorne studies was that it:


A) helped managers find the level of lighting associated with optimum productivity.
B) showed that employees could be programmed like machines to perform simple repetitive tasks,and thus led to the development of assembly lines.
C) changed the direction of research away from Taylor's scientific management toward the study of human-based management.
D) showed that physical working conditions have no impact on worker productivity.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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According to William Ouchi,two of the main features of the Japanese approach to management are individual decision-making and rapid promotions.

A) True
B) False

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Herzberg found that the sense of achievement employees experienced when they performed their jobs was an important motivator.

A) True
B) False

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Inequity in the workplace is likely to result in:


A) arguments between managers and employees.
B) higher morale.
C) lower productivity and reduced quality.
D) greater worker empowerment.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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According to Maslow,if you have a self-esteem problem,you probably will not be able to concern yourself with developing to your fullest potential.

A) True
B) False

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Andy is a supervisor at a web design company.Andy has observed that most employees he supervises are more productive if he lets them have some freedom and flexibility in how they go about their work.Andy's experience is consistent with the teachings of scientific management.

A) True
B) False

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Theory Y managers are likely to use empowerment to motivate employees.

A) True
B) False

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In a high-context culture:


A) workers get right to the task,without the need to socialize during the first 30 minutes at work.
B) workers get right to the task,after they ease into the work day.
C) relationship building is considered a waste of time.
D) relationship building and group trust is considered very important and occurs before performing business tasks.

E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

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When it comes to motivating Millennials and Gen Xers,it is important for managers to know that they have a few things in common.One important likeness is:


A) They don't like large families
B) They expect change
C) Neither group was raised by baby boomers
D) Neither group has advanced to management positions

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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The practice of moving employees from one job to another to make work more interesting is called:


A) task mobility.
B) job rotation.
C) job incrementation.
D) worker alternation.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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According to the principles of scientific management,the best way to improve productivity is to:


A) give employees greater recognition for their efforts.
B) establish open two-way communications among all of the organization's employees and managers.
C) use time-motion studies to find the best method of doing each job,then teach those methods to employees.
D) use job rotation and job enlargement to make work more interesting and challenging.

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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According to equity theory,employees are likely to ask:


A) How hard is the task?
B) If I accomplish the task,what's my reward?
C) If I do a good job,will it be worth it? What is fair?
D) Is my boss too autocratic?

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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According to Herzberg,a sense of achievement,earned recognition,and interest in the work itself were all:


A) important motivators.
B) hygiene factors.
C) ways for employees to meet their social needs.
D) consistent with his Theory X approach to motivation.

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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Theory Y managers assume that the main factor that motivates most employees is the desire to earn more money.

A) True
B) False

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When asked why they change jobs,over 80% of those surveyed said they usually leave one job for another in order to gain more job responsibility and a more senior role.

A) True
B) False

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Often times,we hear that teenagers have unmet social needs.According to Maslow,their desire to become socially accepted will consume them,at the expense of reaching for higher goals,such as developing to their fullest potential.

A) True
B) False

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Maslow called the needs people have for security at work and at home:


A) physiological needs.
B) stability needs.
C) insurance needs.
D) safety needs.

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

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Motivational formulas are:


A) tailored to the individual.
B) tailored to the team of employees.
C) developed by using one theory at a time.
D) developed by using collecting historical information on the types of factors that motivated the majority of employees in the past.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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Frederick Taylor based his approach on the belief that each worker was an individual who should be treated as a unique asset to the firm.

A) True
B) False

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According to Maslow,it is impossible to rank human needs in any logical order.

A) True
B) False

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