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Special parking areas, dining rooms, and restrooms set aside for executives are barriers to open two-way communication within an organization.

A) True
B) False

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Maslow would classify the need for recognition from others and for self-respect as ________ needs.


A) social
B) esteem
C) security
D) physiological

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Alyssa's supervisor was so impressed by her work that he named her the employee of the month. This praise from her supervisor is an example of a(n) ________ reward.


A) extrinsic
B) intrinsic
C) secondary
D) extraneous

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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Theory X management has essentially disappeared from the real-world workplace.

A) True
B) False

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The basic principle of equity theory is that employees try to


A) maintain equity between inputs and outputs compared to people in similar positions.
B) ensure that performance standards are fair and attainable.
C) earn as much as possible with as little work as possible.
D) achieve the mutually agreed upon goals of management and employees.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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Frederick Taylor based his approach on the belief that each worker was an individual who should be treated as a unique asset to the firm.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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Chipper, the marketing director for Tee Time Golf Resort, is making plans for the annual tournament and is trying to determine the prize money for the top golfer. In past years, the resort successfully raised $25,000 through registration fees and sponsorship. This year, Chipper's general manager wants to attract some great local talent and announce the top prize at $10,000. However, Chipper thinks the resort cannot afford to announce a $10,000 top prize at the expense of losing out on a portion of the fees of less talented players who may decide not to register. He explains to the general manager that if they set the prize too high, several better-than-average golfers in the area will feel "out of their league" when the top players join in and therefore will be unmotivated to spend their money to participate. Chipper's analysis of the situation is reasonable according to


A) goal-setting theory.
B) equity theory.
C) expectancy theory.
D) reinforcement theory.

E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Correct Answer

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Jordan is conducting an experiment with her employees. She wants to see how temperatures affect the productivity of the team. Jordan just completed the first phase of her experiment, in which she had a group of employees perform job-related tasks in a special area where the temperature was 10 degrees cooler than on the factory floor. No matter the temperature, employees in the experimental group consistently outperformed employees in the factory. The Hawthorne effect suggests that the most likely reason for this improvement in performance is that the cooler working conditions allowed the employees in the experiment to work harder without getting tired.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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Theory Y managers prefer


A) to closely supervise their employees.
B) micro-management and a strong degree of control over subordinates.
C) empowerment and letting employees design solutions.
D) limited authority, but a significant amount of responsibility given to employees.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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In order to understand how to motivate the various generations, we need to understand each generation's preferred mode of communication. Look at the following chart and fill in the blank cell. In order to understand how to motivate the various generations, we need to understand each generation's preferred mode of communication. Look at the following chart and fill in the blank cell.   A)  By cell phone B)  By text C)  Meetings and teleconferences D)  Online and social media


A) By cell phone
B) By text
C) Meetings and teleconferences
D) Online and social media

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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You are a graduate student in the chemistry department at Equity University. Several of your graduate student friends have positions in the business and English departments. While everyone's compensation and employee benefits are exactly the same, your department requires you to always show up and tutor students at least 4 hours each day and to serve on one university committee each semester. Your friends in the other departments are not required to follow these rules. Lately, you are doing your best to limit your daily obligation to 2 to 3 hours each day. Relating your situation to one of the theories we have studied, your goal of limiting inputs is explained by expectancy theory.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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Which of the following descriptions more appropriately reflects the way that Gen Xers prefer to communicate at work?


A) face to face
B) through meetings
C) through e-mail
D) through social media

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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Lou is a professional house painter. During busy periods, he hires high school and college students to help complete his jobs. Lou explains that he knows the most efficient way to paint a house and he expects them to follow his instructions exactly. Lou's approach is consistent with the ideas of


A) Peter Drucker.
B) Frederick Herzberg.
C) William Ouchi.
D) Frederick Taylor.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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Mary Kay is in charge of a nursing shift at a hospital. She wants to improve the motivation and performance level of the nurses under her direction. According to expectancy theory, one element of an effective motivational strategy is to


A) simplify the job.
B) determine what types of rewards are valued by the nurses.
C) set performance standards that are beyond the ability of most nurses to challenge them to achieve.
D) rotate the nurses so that they perform different jobs each day.

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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A strength of Generation X managers is likely to be their


A) loyalty to the firm.
B) individualistic approach to problem solving.
C) ability to provide feedback to employees.
D) willingness to sacrifice other aspects of their lives to achieve success in the workplace.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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As part of their open communication strategy, management should reward upward communication, even if it is negative.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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A college graduate with a degree in psychology, Diana is in no hurry to find a job. In fact, she has elected to continue her education until she decides on the type of career she would like to pursue. Although she really likes some aspects of marketing, social work and social causes also appeal to her. Having worked part-time in a small business during college, she also thinks that working in her own business, independent of the control of others, may also be the way to go. Diana is typical of


A) Baby Boomers.
B) Gen X.
C) Gen Y.
D) Gen Z.

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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The Hawthorne studies determined that intrinsic rewards are always better than extrinsic rewards.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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Equity theory suggests that if employees perceive inequity in the workplace, they might respond with reduced productivity, higher absenteeism, or even voluntary resignation.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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Until recently, Visual Electronics manufactured Blu-ray players on an assembly line with each worker performing only one simple task. Three months ago, the company began allowing individual employees to assemble entire systems, test the components, and even install the software that Visual Electronics includes with each of its players. Visual Electronics's new production method is an example of


A) job enlargement.
B) roundabout production.
C) job rotation.
D) flexible manufacturing.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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