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Resistance to new taxes and financial reforms in France came primarily from the


A) lower class.
B) church.
C) king.
D) army.
E) privileged "notables."

F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

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E

What factors contributed to an increased role of "the people" after 1788?

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In the weeks following the Tennis Court ...

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The repression in the Vendée caused the killing of hundreds of thousands of counterrevolutionaries.

A) True
B) False

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What happened to Louis XVI following the establishment of the National Convention?


A) He died in a tragic accident that brought both sides of the conflict together.
B) He was murdered in secret without due process of law.
C) He was cast into exile and lived out the rest of his life in Britain.
D) He was put on trial and, found guilty of betraying the people, was executed.
E) He was restored to the throne and given a ceremonial role in the Convention.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

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What were some of the most important factors leading up to the French Revolution?

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The social organization and economic org...

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In August 1792, the san-culottes attacked the royal palace in Paris.The fighting that ensued led to the election of a National Convention to write the constitution for a new republic.What were the consequences of the declaration of the First Republic?

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The attack on the royal palace in August 1792 led the way to the creation of France's First Republic.Violence at home and abroad characterized this period.Locally, the attack to Paris left the sans-culottes as the leading force in French politics and abolished the monarchy.The creation of Europe's first Republic gave all the nation's adult men the right to vote.Within weeks, the sans-culottes had stormed the prisons in search of counterrevolutionaries, leading to the slaughter of the September Massacres; these events sent shock waves across the continent.The First Republic's inability to deal with one of the principle triggers of the Revolution caused further divisions and disorder, thereby helping to justify the creation of a Committee of Public Safety to restore order and to defend and preserve the Revolution.The Republic also had to decide the fate of the deposed king.Saint-Just argued that the people had already found him guilty through his deposition and helped lead to his trial and execution. Internationally, France responded to the stated aim of the duke of Brunswick to end anarchy in the country and restore the full powers of the king, with a declaration of war against Austria and Prussia.This announcement changed the nature and tone of French politics.Previous reservations about France's violent response toward counterrevolutionaries were swept away as the revolutionary forces won their first great battle at Valmy-saving the Revolution and inspiring waves of patriotism throughout France.The First Republic, while victorious at Valmy, now faced the unified monarchies of Europe as enemies.The ensuing war was made worse by the counterrevolutionary slaughter taking place in the Vendée in western France, and all the fighting contributed to a renewed economic crisis.

In 1790-1791 the National Assembly passed measures that


A) abolished slavery.
B) granted citizenship to French Jews.
C) gave women the right to vote.
D) recognized the equality of blacks.
E) ended the French monarchy.

F) A) and E)
G) All of the above

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Which of the following statements describes the effect of the looming bankruptcy that followed French assistance to the American revolutionaries?


A) It allowed Swiss bankers to take over the economy.
B) It convinced the king to invade Belgium while he still had a large military.
C) It forced the French to ally with Prussia.
D) It prevented the French from supporting Dutch Patriots.
E) It led to-and was quickly solved by-a series of financial reforms by Jacques Necker.

F) All of the above
G) B) and E)

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What was the role of the royal family in their own demise?

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Along with wavering over the solutions t...

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By gaining a strong foothold in Ireland and turning Ireland and Great Britain against one another, France successfully undermined the British war effort.

A) True
B) False

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False

What were some of the reasons underlying the failure of the Estates General?

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The Estates General of France had not me...

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Which of the following occurred during the two days known as the October Days?


A) A large numbers of prisoners were massacred in Paris.
B) The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen was signed.
C) Parisian crowds led by men marched to the Bastille.
D) The National Guard suppressed the "Great Fear."
E) Revolutionaries forced the royal family to leave Versailles and return to Paris.

F) None of the above
G) A) and D)

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Robespierre and Saint-Just fought to dissolve the Committee of Public Safety, a small but powerful political club.

A) True
B) False

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Who wrote the pamphlet What Is the Third Estate?, demanding that the Third Estate comprise half of the deputies of the Estates General?


A) Honoré Riqueti de Mirabeau
B) Emmanuel Sieyès
C) Jacques Necker
D) Étienne Charles Loménie de Brienne
E) Jacques-Louis David

F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

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The "political culture" bequeathed to the Revolution by the Old Regime made the new government more likely to do which of the following?


A) suspect their opponents were performing treason
B) forge coalitions with commoners
C) reach compromises in the national interest
D) accept the will of the majority
E) form political parties

F) C) and D)
G) None of the above

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Following the establishment of the National Convention, which of the following economic trends took place?


A) The French economy boomed with the rise of paper currency.
B) The quality of life of most French people improved dramatically.
C) France experienced what today would be called "hyperinflation."
D) The principles of free trade declared after 1789 were upheld.
E) The cost of goods such as bread was at an all-time low.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and B)

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Toussaint L'Ouverture led Saint-Domingue as the first black republic in the world.

A) True
B) False

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In his book that became the founding text of modern conservatism, Edmund Burke held that political reform needed to be gradual and based on existing tradition.

A) True
B) False

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What are the events that led to the creation of the Reign of Terror, and what were its goals?

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Louis XVI's execution in January 1793 op...

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What was the Republic's relationship with Christianity during the Radical Revolution?


A) It preserved churches such as the Cathedral of Notre Dame as places of Christian worship.
B) It allied with the pope.
C) It sought to suppress Christianity.
D) It fought to eradicate the "cult of the supreme being."
E) It supported the Church in outlawing atheism.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

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