Question 1

In what system would the effects of a vitamin D deficiency be most readily observed?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nervous
B)  Skeletal
C)  Muscular
D)  CirculatoryE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 2

Which of the following is a characteristic of vitamin K nutrition?

Accepted Answer

A)  Deficiency may lead to hemophilia
B)  Toxicity may increase risk for hemophilia
C)  Absorption is inhibited when bile production diminishes
D)  Supplements are highly effective against osteoporosisE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 3

Which vitamin is routinely given as a single dose to newborns?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vitamin A
B)  Vitamin E
C)  Vitamin K
D)  Vitamin B12E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 4

Approximately what percentage of the body's vitamin A stores are found in the liver?

Accepted Answer

A)  20
B)  50
C)  70
D)  90E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

To convert the number of tocopherol equivalents to alpha-tocopherol,multiply by the factor

Accepted Answer

A)  0.8.
B)  1.4.
C)  2.0.
D)  3.3.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

The main function of vitamin E in the body is to act as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  peroxide.
B)  coenzyme.
C)  antioxidant.
D)  free radical.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 7

Which of the following vitamins is synthesized by intestinal bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A)  A
B)  E
C)  K
D)  DE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 8

Which of the following is likely to induce vitamin A toxicity in adults?

Accepted Answer

A)  Eating beef liver once a month
B)  Consuming high-dose vitamin A supplements
C)  Drinking 2 quarts of vitamin A-fortified milk daily
D)  Consuming large amounts of dark green and deep orange vegetablesE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 9

Which of the following is a property of the fat-soluble vitamins?

Accepted Answer

A)  Most of them are synthesized by intestinal bacteria
B)  Intestinal transport occurs by way of the portal circulation
C)  Deficiency symptoms may take years to develop on a poor diet
D)  Toxicity risk is higher for vitamins E and K than for other fat-soluble vitaminsE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 10

Substances that promote oxidation are usually termed

Accepted Answer

A)  prooxidants.
B)  antioxidants.
C)  free radical generators.
D)  reactive electron oxidants.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 11

What is prothrombin?

Accepted Answer

A)  A storage protein for vitamin K
B)  A transport protein for vitamin E
C)  A protein needed for bone formation
D)  A protein needed for blood clot formationE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 12

Which of the following is associated with the condition known as xerosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Toxicity of vitamin A
B)  Toxicity of beta-carotene
C)  Deficiency of vitamin A
D)  Deficiency of vitamin DE) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 13

What form of vitamin A supports reproduction but not growth?

Accepted Answer

A)  Retinal
B)  Retinol
C)  Retinoic acid
D)  Retinyl estersE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 14

What is a free radical?

Accepted Answer

A)  An antioxidant substance that prevents accumulation of cell-damaging oxides
B)  A substance in food that interacts with nutrients to decrease their utilization
C)  A nutrient in excess of body needs that the body is free to degrade with no consequence
D)  A molecule that is unstable and highly reactive because it contains unpaired electronsE) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 15

Which of the following foods is a very good source of vitamin A?

Accepted Answer

A)  Corn
B)  Pumpkin pie
C)  Baked potato
D)  Whole-grain breadE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 16

Which of the following is a feature of vitamin D?

Accepted Answer

A)  Toxicity from vitamin D may result from overexposure to the sun
B)  Requirements are much higher in the elderly due to degenerative bone diseases
C)  Fortification of milk with the vitamin is common in order to provide people with a reliable source
D)  Absorption from most food sources is very poor,necessitating the enrichment of grain productsE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 17

Which of the following provides the least amount of precursor vitamin A?

Accepted Answer

A)  Corn
B)  Spinach
C)  Carrots
D)  CantaloupeE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 18

Why shouldn't a woman who is 7 months pregnant be prescribed Accutane?

Accepted Answer

A)  It may aggravate existing edema
B)  It may lead to prolongation of labor
C)  It is a teratogen and can be harmful to the baby
D)  It contains high concentrations of vitamin D that can cause birth defectsE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 19

In which of the following individuals would vitamin A toxicity be most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  Adolescent women
B)  Overweight adults
C)  Those taking vitamin A supplements
D)  Those consuming more than 100 g of carrots dailyE) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 20

Which of the following is a characteristic of vitamin D nutrition?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vitamin D deficiency may be created by a calcium deficiency
B)  Only about one-half of the world's population relies on sunlight to maintain adequate vitamin D nutrition
C)  Prolonged exposure to sunlight degrades the vitamin D precursor in skin,thus preventing vitamin D toxicity
D)  In people living in northern U.S.cities,vitamin D stores from synthesis during the summer are usually sufficient to meet the needs during the winterE) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Exam 11: The Fat-Soluble Vitamins: A, d, e, and K

Which of the following is a characteristic of vitamin D nutrition?

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Which vitamin is routinely given as a single dose to newborns?

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What is prothrombin?

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In what system would the effects of a vitamin D deficiency be most readily observed?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is associated with the condition known as xerosis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following vitamins is synthesized by intestinal bacteria?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Substances that promote oxidation are usually termed

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is a free radical?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To convert the number of tocopherol equivalents to alpha-tocopherol,multiply by the factor

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a characteristic of vitamin K nutrition?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In which of the following individuals would vitamin A toxicity be most likely to occur?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following foods is a very good source of vitamin A?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why shouldn't a woman who is 7 months pregnant be prescribed Accutane?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is likely to induce vitamin A toxicity in adults?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Approximately what percentage of the body's vitamin A stores are found in the liver?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a property of the fat-soluble vitamins?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following provides the least amount of precursor vitamin A?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What form of vitamin A supports reproduction but not growth?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The main function of vitamin E in the body is to act as a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a feature of vitamin D?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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