Question 1

Of the following, which would most readily induce a vitamin K deficiency?

Accepted Answer

A)  Achlorhydria
B)  Antibiotic therapy
C)  Presence of oxalic acid in food
D)  Insufficient intake of green leafy vegetablesE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 2

What is the name of the vitamin D-deficiency disease in adults?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rickets
B)  Osteomalacia
C)  Keratomalacia
D)  HyperkeratosisE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 3

Why shouldn't a 7-month pregnant woman be prescribed Accutane?

Accepted Answer

A)  It may aggravate existing edema
B)  It may lead to prolongation of labor
C)  It is a teratogen and can be harmful to the baby
D)  It contains high concentrations of vitamin D that can cause birth defectsE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 4

Why does vitamin A status depend on the person's protein status?

Accepted Answer

A)  Adequate protein intake is a marker for liberal intake of the vitamin
B)  Dietary protein assures synthesis of the vitamin's GI tract transporter
C)  Adequate protein intake reduces the risk for infection from bacteria that degrade the vitamin
D)  Transport of the vitamin within the body requires sufficient protein to synthesize retinol-binding proteinE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

Which of the following conditions may improve with vitamin E therapy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Diabetes
B)  Pernicious anemia
C)  Muscular dystrophy
D)  Intermittent claudicationE) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 6

Which of the following describes an event in the visual response process?

Accepted Answer

A)  Light energy strikes the retina and excites pigments to release retinal
B)  Light energy strikes the cornea and excites pigments to release retinoic acid
C)  Visual pigments deep in the brain are excited by light transmitted through the retina
D)  Epithelial cells on the surface of the eye respond to light energy by transmitting opsin molecules along nerve pathways to the brainE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 7

Approximately what percent of the body's vitamin A stores are found in the liver?

Accepted Answer

A)  20
B)  50
C)  70
D)  90E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 8

Vitamin A supplements are helpful in treating which of the following conditions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Acne
B)  Rickets
C)  Osteomalacia
D)  Night blindnessE) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 9

Which of the following is a feature of vitamin A in foods?

Accepted Answer

A)  Anthocyanin in beets masks the presence of beta-carotene
B)  Margarine made from corn oil is a poor source of vitamin A
C)  Most carotenoids can be converted in the body to active vitamin A
D)  Chlorophyll in dark green leafy vegetables masks the presence of beta-caroteneE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 10

Which of the following is a characteristic of vitamin D nutrition?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vitamin D deficiency may be created by a calcium deficiency
B)  Only about one-half of the world's population relies on sunlight to maintain adequate vitamin D nutrition
C)  Prolonged exposure to sunlight degrades the vitamin D precursor in skin, thus preventing vitamin D toxicity
D)  In people living in northern U.S.cities, vitamin D stores from synthesis during the summer are usually sufficient to meet the needs during the winterE) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 11

Jennifer has just had a baby.When she brings Thomas home, she regales you with the details of her hospital stay.She mentions that shortly after the birth, Thomas received an intramuscular injection of vitamin K, and she wondered why this was done, as it made him cry.You explained that it

Accepted Answer

A)  was needed to prevent eye disease.
B)  prevented possible bleeding events.
C)  protected the baby from lipid oxidation.
D)  was needed to promote good bone growth.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 12

Which of the following is the most likely side effect for a person who regularly consumes large quantities of carrots or carrot juice?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bone pain
B)  Dermatitis
C)  Skin yellowing
D)  Vitamin A toxicityE) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 13

Which of the following provides the least amount of precursor vitamin A?

Accepted Answer

A)  Corn
B)  Spinach
C)  Carrots
D)  CantaloupeE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 14

How many micrograms of dietary beta-carotene are equivalent to 1 retinol activity equivalent?

Accepted Answer

A)  2
B)  4
C)  8
D)  12E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 15

Which of the following is associated with the condition known as xerosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Toxicity of vitamin A
B)  Toxicity of beta-carotene
C)  Deficiency of vitamin A
D)  Deficiency of vitamin DE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 16

What is a free radical?

Accepted Answer

A)  An antioxidant substance that prevents accumulation of cell-damaging oxides
B)  A substance in food that interacts with nutrients to decrease their utilization
C)  A nutrient in excess of body needs that the body is free to degrade with no consequence
D)  A molecule that is unstable and highly reactive because it contains unpaired electronsE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

Knowing the role of vitamin K in the body, in what organ would you expect to find it in large quantities?

Accepted Answer

A)  Liver
B)  Pancreas
C)  Gallbladder
D)  Small intestineE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 18

The major function of vitamin E is to inhibit the destruction of

Accepted Answer

A)  lysosomes.
B)  free radicals.
C)  mucopolysaccharides.
D)  polyunsaturated fatty acids.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 19

Which of the following enables much of the world's population to maintain adequate vitamin D status?

Accepted Answer

A)  Outdoor exposure of the skin to sunlight
B)  Wide availability of low-cost fish products
C)  Wide availability of food assistance programs
D)  World Health Organization distribution of vitamin D capsulesE) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 20

All of the following are forms of vitamin A except

Accepted Answer

A)  retinol.
B)  retinal.
C)  retinoic acid.
D)  retinoquinone.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Exam 11: The Fat-Soluble Vitamins: A, D, E, and K

Jennifer has just had a baby.When she brings Thomas home, she regales you with the details of her hospital stay.She mentions that shortly after the birth, Thomas received an intramuscular injection of vitamin K, and she wondered why this was done, as it made him cry.You explained that it

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is the most likely side effect for a person who regularly consumes large quantities of carrots or carrot juice?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a characteristic of vitamin D nutrition?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Knowing the role of vitamin K in the body, in what organ would you expect to find it in large quantities?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The major function of vitamin E is to inhibit the destruction of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Vitamin A supplements are helpful in treating which of the following conditions?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the name of the vitamin D-deficiency disease in adults?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following describes an event in the visual response process?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following enables much of the world's population to maintain adequate vitamin D status?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Of the following, which would most readily induce a vitamin K deficiency?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How many micrograms of dietary beta-carotene are equivalent to 1 retinol activity equivalent?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following provides the least amount of precursor vitamin A?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following conditions may improve with vitamin E therapy?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why shouldn't a 7-month pregnant woman be prescribed Accutane?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Approximately what percent of the body's vitamin A stores are found in the liver?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why does vitamin A status depend on the person's protein status?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a feature of vitamin A in foods?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is associated with the condition known as xerosis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is a free radical?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following are forms of vitamin A except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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