Question 1

Following an immune response, some cells of the B cell clone will remain dormant. They are able to respond to antigens encountered in the future. These cells are called __________ cells.

Accepted Answer

memory

Question 2

What cell type found in lymph nodes engulf and destroy damaged cells, foreign substances, and cellular debris?

Accepted Answer

A)   Macrophages
B)   Lymphocytes
C)   Mast cells
D)   Plasma cellsE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 3

The structure of a lymphatic vessel is most similar to what type of blood vessel?

Accepted Answer

A)   Artery
B)   Arteriole
C)   Vein
D)   Capillary
E)   MetarterioleF) A) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 4

The function of the thymus is to destroy older, worn out red blood cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

After being bit by a poisonous snake, Jacob was treated with an injection of an antiserum produced by immunizing a horse or sheep with snake venom. What type of immunity does this provide for him?

Accepted Answer

A)   Naturally acquired active immunity
B)   Naturally acquired passive immunity
C)   Artificially acquired active immunity
D)   Artificially acquired passive immunityE) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 6

What is an example of an autoimmune disease?

Accepted Answer

A)   Anaphylaxis
B)   Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
C)   Tissue rejection reaction
D)   Systemic lupus erythematosusE) A) and B)
F) A) and C) D

Question 7

Select the example of a specific (adaptive)  defense mechanism.

Accepted Answer

A)   Phagocytosis
B)   Inflammation
C)   Immunity
D)   FeverE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 8

An upper respiratory infection is often associated with inflammed __________ lymph nodes.

Accepted Answer

A)   cervical
B)   inguinal
C)   abdominal
D)   thoracicE) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 9

Of the following lymphatic tissues/structures, the immune cells found in __________ are the most likely to initiate an immune response against food-borne pathogens.

Accepted Answer

A)   mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) 
B)   the spleen
C)   lymph nodes
D)   the thymusE) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 10

A small molecule called a(n)  __________ that on its own cannot stimulate an immune response, might become detectable to the immune cells once it combines with a larger molecule.

Accepted Answer

A)   hapten
B)   antigen
C)   immunoglobulin
D)   cytokineE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

Colleen works in retail and is typically on her feet most of each of her 8-hour shifts. When she gets home, she complains about how swollen her feet and ankles are. Why does elevating her feet help to relieve the swelling?

Accepted Answer

A)   Gravity assists the flow of lymph from the lower extremities back toward the trunk.
B)   The increased blood flow to the elevated feet will help "wash" away the accumulated fluid.
C)   The increased blood pressure in the elevated feet will reduce the formation of tissue fluid.
D)   As blood pressure is reduced in the feet and ankles, more fluid is pushed from the circulation out into the tissues, causing more lymph formation.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 12

How do cytotoxic T cells destroy cancer cells and virally infected cells?

Accepted Answer

A)   Their release of perforin puts holes in target cell's membranes.
B)   They insert themselves into the target cell's membrane, lysing the cell.
C)   They release cytokines that enter the target cell and destroy its nucleus.
D)   They produce antibodies that attack the target cell, killing it.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 13

What cell types are required for a normal immune response to occur?

Accepted Answer

A)   Macrophages only
B)   T cells only
C)   B cells only
D)   Both T and B cellsE) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 14

Active immunity results when a person has an immune response to a pathogen causing a disease or infection.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

After a visit with her niece who had an active upper respiratory infection, Emma was worried that she would become ill as well. After a week, she still had no symptoms. What might explain Emma's response to exposure to this respiratory virus?

Accepted Answer

A)   This was her first exposure, and her immune system underwent a primary immune response.
B)   She had been exposed to this virus before. Her immune system underwent a secondary immune response.
C)   She had been exposed to this virus before. Her immune system underwent a hypersensitivity response.D) A) and B)
E) A) and C)

Question 16

Carl has frequent infections and, after testing, has been diagnosed with a genetic form of agammaglobulinemia (meaning no gamma globulins in the blood) . Why would this condition result in difficulty fighting off infections?

Accepted Answer

A)   His B cells can't make antibodies, so he has no humoral immune response.
B)   His T cells over-react, resulting in activation of autoantibodies.
C)   His macrophages are overproducing cytokines, making the immune response ineffective.
D)   He is unable to produce T cells, so he has no cellular immune response.E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 17

What is the stimulus for production of interferons?

Accepted Answer

A)   Chemical irritants
B)   Viruses or tumor cells
C)   Bacterial infection
D)   Malarial parasitesE) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 18

A(n) __________ is an injection containing an antigen that stimulates a primary immune response but that does not produce symptoms of the disease.

Accepted Answer

vaccine

Question 19

Activation of complement proteins results in several effects, including opsonization. What is opsonization?

Accepted Answer

A)   Enhancing phagocytosis of antigens
B)   Clumping of antigen-bearing agents
C)   Attracting macrophages and neutrophils to the area
D)   Rupturing the membranes of foreign cellsE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 20

Allison has severe hay fever. What is the mechanism for her hypersensitivity?

Accepted Answer

A)   IgE antibodies bound to mast cells bind an allergen. Histamine and other mediators are released, causing symptoms.
B)   Allergens combine with antibodies, forming complexes that deposit in tissue and cause tissue damage.
C)   T cells become activated after repeated exposure to an allergen. Chemical mediators are released about 24 hours later, resulting in inflammation of the skin.
D)   Autoantibodies attack "self" cells and tissues, resulting in inflammation and tissue damage.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Exam 14: Lymphatic System and Immunity

Following an immune response, some cells of the B cell clone will remain dormant. They are able to respond to antigens encountered in the future. These cells are called __________ cells.

Correct Answerverifiedmemory

What cell type found in lymph nodes engulf and destroy damaged cells, foreign substances, and cellular debris?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The structure of a lymphatic vessel is most similar to what type of blood vessel?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The function of the thymus is to destroy older, worn out red blood cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After being bit by a poisonous snake, Jacob was treated with an injection of an antiserum produced by immunizing a horse or sheep with snake venom. What type of immunity does this provide for him?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is an example of an autoimmune disease?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Select the example of a specific (adaptive) defense mechanism.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An upper respiratory infection is often associated with inflammed __________ lymph nodes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Of the following lymphatic tissues/structures, the immune cells found in __________ are the most likely to initiate an immune response against food-borne pathogens.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A small molecule called a(n) __________ that on its own cannot stimulate an immune response, might become detectable to the immune cells once it combines with a larger molecule.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Colleen works in retail and is typically on her feet most of each of her 8-hour shifts. When she gets home, she complains about how swollen her feet and ankles are. Why does elevating her feet help to relieve the swelling?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How do cytotoxic T cells destroy cancer cells and virally infected cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What cell types are required for a normal immune response to occur?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Active immunity results when a person has an immune response to a pathogen causing a disease or infection.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After a visit with her niece who had an active upper respiratory infection, Emma was worried that she would become ill as well. After a week, she still had no symptoms. What might explain Emma's response to exposure to this respiratory virus?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Carl has frequent infections and, after testing, has been diagnosed with a genetic form of agammaglobulinemia (meaning no gamma globulins in the blood) . Why would this condition result in difficulty fighting off infections?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the stimulus for production of interferons?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A(n) __________ is an injection containing an antigen that stimulates a primary immune response but that does not produce symptoms of the disease.

Correct Answerverifiedvaccine

Activation of complement proteins results in several effects, including opsonization. What is opsonization?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Allison has severe hay fever. What is the mechanism for her hypersensitivity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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memory

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D

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vaccine

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