Question 1

A person with an abnormally high metabolic rate, is underweight, and has protruding eyes is exhibiting symptoms of what disorder?

Accepted Answer

A)   Hypothyroidism
B)   Hyperthyroidism
C)   Diabetes mellitus
D)   Diabetes insipidus
E)   Growth hormone deficiencyF) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 2

During which phase of the stress response is epinephrine and norepinephrine released?

Accepted Answer

A)   Alarm phase
B)   Resistance phaseC) A) and B)
D) undefined

Question 3

The pancreas functions as both an endocrine gland and as an exocrine gland.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

When comparing the nervous system to the endocrine system, which of the following applies to the endocrine system?

Accepted Answer

A)   Endocrine system has more localized and long-lasting effects.
B)   Endocrine system has more widespread and long-lasting effects.
C)   Endocrine system has more localized and short-term effects.
D)   Endocrine system has more widespread and short-term effects.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 5

Some cancerous tumors act like endocrine glands, causing disturbances in electrolyte balance. What might be the result of very high calcium levels in interstitial fluid?

Accepted Answer

A)   Muscle and nerve cells would require less stimulation to depolarize.
B)   Muscle and nerve cells would require more stimulation to depolarize.
C)   Depolarization of muscle and nerve cells would not be affected by extra calcium outside the cells.
D)   Muscle and nerve cell function could only be affected by changing levels of sodium and potassium.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 6

In the resistance stage of a stress response, sympathetic nerves stimulate the adrenal cortex.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The inner region of the __________ produces hormones associated with fight-or-flight effects.

Accepted Answer

A)   thyroid gland
B)   pancreas
C)   hypothalamus
D)   adrenal gland
E)   ovaryF) C) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 8

During which phase of the stress response is ACTH released?

Accepted Answer

A)   Alarm phase
B)   Resistance phaseC) A) and B)
D) undefined

Question 9

What type of neurons stimulate secretions from cells of the adrenal medulla?

Accepted Answer

A)   Somatic motor neurons
B)   Parasympathetic neurons
C)   Sensory neurons
D)   Sympathetic neurons
E)   InterneuronsF) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 10

Diabetes insipidus is a metabolic disease caused by lack of insulin or decreased sensitivity to insulin.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

What is an effect of diabetes mellitus?

Accepted Answer

A)   Glucose in the urine
B)   Decrease urine production
C)   High blood pressure
D)   Low blood sugar
E)   Increase blood pHF) B) and C)
G) D) and E)

Question 12

What is the term for chemical messengers that are released into interstitial fluid, diffuse into the blood stream, and act on target cells that are a distance away?

Accepted Answer

A)   Ligand
B)   Neurotransmitter
C)   Hormone
D)   GlycolipidE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 13

How do steroid hormones produce their effects?

Accepted Answer

A)   By combining with receptors on the surfaces of cell membranes
B)   By activating the formation of adenylate cyclase
C)   By producing cyclic AMP
D)   By activating genes
E)   By clogging blood vesselsF) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 14

The secretion of pituitary hormones is largely controlled by the hypothalamus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

What action does insulin produce?

Accepted Answer

A)   A decrease in the concentration of blood glucose
B)   A decrease in the permeability of cell membranes to glucose
C)   An increase in the production of glucose from glycogen
D)   An increase in the concentration of blood glucose
E)   An increase in gluconeogenesisF) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 16

Mary has to urinate soon after drinking a couple of beers. What affect did the alcohol have on Mary's body?

Accepted Answer

A)   Inhibited the secretion of ADH
B)   Stimulated the secretion of ADH
C)   Inhibited the secretion of ACTH
D)   Stimulated the secretion of ACTHE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 17

What causes diabetes insipidus?

Accepted Answer

A)   A lack of insulin
B)   An excess of insulin
C)   A lack of ADH
D)   An excess of ADH
E)   A defective response of target cells to insulinF) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 18

An endocrinologist is examining a patient complaining of weakness, weight loss, and heat intolerance. The doctor also notes the patient's obvious exophthalmos. Given these symptoms, what is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Hyposecretion of parathyroid hormone
B)   Hypersecretion of parathyroid hormone
C)   Hyposecretion of thyroid hormone
D)   Hypersecretion of thyroid hormone
E)   Hyposecretion of calcitoninF) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 19

Parathyroid hormone stimulates __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   follicular cell activity
B)   osteoblast activity
C)   osteoclast activity
D)   fibroblast activity
E)   basal metabolic rateF) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 20

What is the action of insulin?

Accepted Answer

A)   Stimulates liver cells to convert glycogen to glucose
B)   Stimulates liver cells to convert glucose to glycogen
C)   Stimulates muscle cells to transport glucose into cells
D)   Stimulates tissue cells to convert fatty acids to glucoseE) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Exam 11: Endocrine System

An endocrinologist is examining a patient complaining of weakness, weight loss, and heat intolerance. The doctor also notes the patient's obvious exophthalmos. Given these symptoms, what is the most likely diagnosis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The pancreas functions as both an endocrine gland and as an exocrine gland.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is an effect of diabetes mellitus?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Parathyroid hormone stimulates __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How do steroid hormones produce their effects?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A person with an abnormally high metabolic rate, is underweight, and has protruding eyes is exhibiting symptoms of what disorder?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the resistance stage of a stress response, sympathetic nerves stimulate the adrenal cortex.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The secretion of pituitary hormones is largely controlled by the hypothalamus.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What causes diabetes insipidus?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the term for chemical messengers that are released into interstitial fluid, diffuse into the blood stream, and act on target cells that are a distance away?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some cancerous tumors act like endocrine glands, causing disturbances in electrolyte balance. What might be the result of very high calcium levels in interstitial fluid?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What action does insulin produce?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the action of insulin?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Diabetes insipidus is a metabolic disease caused by lack of insulin or decreased sensitivity to insulin.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The inner region of the __________ produces hormones associated with fight-or-flight effects.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What type of neurons stimulate secretions from cells of the adrenal medulla?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mary has to urinate soon after drinking a couple of beers. What affect did the alcohol have on Mary's body?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During which phase of the stress response is epinephrine and norepinephrine released?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When comparing the nervous system to the endocrine system, which of the following applies to the endocrine system?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During which phase of the stress response is ACTH released?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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