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Based on Figure 3.3 examine the role of intermediaries.

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Some businesses sell directly to their t...

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The amount of future income already committed to past credit agreements influences one's ability to use more credit.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following actions is illegal?


A) Political officials influencing how much a government agency purchases and from whom.
B) Corporate contributions to candidates.
C) Corporate contributions to elected officials.
D) Political officials helping businesses secure foreign markets.
E) Paying political officials not to enforce a particular law.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

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The three major components of sociocultural forces are demographic and diversity characteristics, cultural values, and consumerism.

A) True
B) False

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Consumerism is a:


A) diverse group of individuals and organizations opposed to foreign producers that sell products in Europe that are much cheaper than those produced by overseas manufacturers.
B) social movement that is trying to encourage consumer satisfaction.
C) social movement that is looking to encourage high standard of living.
D) diverse group of individuals and organizations attempting to protect the rights of consumers.
E) social movement that provides consumers with means for expressing satisfaction and expressing their gratitude to producers.

F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

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Credit increases future buying power.

A) True
B) False

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Through technology assessment, managers try to foresee the effects of new products and processes on the firm's operations and on society.

A) True
B) False

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Technology is:


A) the application of scientific knowledge to build products that customers desire.
B) the application of knowledge and tools to solve problems and perform tasks more efficiently.
C) applied sciences.
D) one of the weakest marketing environment forces.
E) the result of research performed primarily by universities.

F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

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Discuss why micro is more important than macro to marketers. ANS Many authors, notably Porter, have made a distinction between the very broad forces of the macro marketing environment discussed up to now as political, legal, regulatory, societal, technological, economic/competitive and a set of more company-specific forces often termed the micro marketing environment forces. The distinction is that the broad macro forces have an impact on every organization operating in a particular market, from manufacturers to distributors to customers, and such an impact is largely universally felt by such organizations. The micro forces, on the other hand, are still forces external to the organization and not directly controllable, but often have an organization-specific impact subject to the characteristics and status of the individual business. Organisation, buyers, competitors, publics and distribution channels are examples of the micro-marketing environment. PTS: 2 DIF: Moderate REF: The micro marketing environment 8. What factors influence the willingness to spend?

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People's willingness to spend is, to som...

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Consumer protection legislation deals with all of the following legal concerns except


A) consumer safety.
B) sale of hazardous products.
C) monopolistic practices.
D) information disclosure.
E) health claims on food packages.

F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

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A person's buying power is a function of:


A) disposable income.
B) past income, natural resources, and financial resources.
C) wages, rents, and investments.
D) income, wealth, and credit.
E) discretionary income.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

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The number of firms that control the supply of a product may affect the strength of competition.

A) True
B) False

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Firms always adopt and use new technology.

A) True
B) False

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Changes in values have little effect on people's needs for products.

A) True
B) False

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The best approach for a company to take when monitoring its competitors is:


A) watching for increases and decreases in competitors' prices and match them.
B) analyzing all information that is readily available about competitors.
C) sending employees to competitors' offices and factories to observe their actions.
D) developing a system for gathering ongoing information about competitors.
E) reading important business publications such as The Wall Street Journal .

F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

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Wealth enables consumers to gain buying power.

A) True
B) False

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Consumers begin to become more price and value conscious during periods of


A) inflation.
B) prosperity.
C) recession.
D) depression.
E) recovery.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Environmental analysis helps managers identify potential threats and opportunities linked to environmental changes.

A) True
B) False

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An individual can have a high income and very little wealth.

A) True
B) False

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Although numerous regulatory forces arise from governmental sources, nongovernmental regulatory forces may also affect marketing decisions.

A) True
B) False

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