Question 1

Some yeasts have "stripped-down" genomes as small as 200 protein-coding genes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

A dikaryotic cell:

Accepted Answer

A)   has only one haploid nucleus
B)   has only one diploid nucleus
C)   has two diploid nuclei
D)   has two haploid nuclei
E)   has one haploid nucleus and one diploid nucleusF) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT an advantage that fungal mycorrhizae bestow upon plants?

Accepted Answer

A)   The fungus supplies water to the plant.
B)   The fungus supplies mineral nutrients to the plant.
C)   The fungus binds the soil and prevents erosion.
D)   The fungus protects the plant against pathogens and toxins.
E)   The fungus supplies organic food to the plant.F) B) and C)
G) C) and E)

Question 4

Which of the following kinds of fungi is NOT a basidiomycete?

Accepted Answer

A)   mushroom
B)   shelf fungus
C)   smuts
D)   morels
E)   puffballsF) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 5

Phanerochaete chrysosporium:

Accepted Answer

A)   is a wood-decay fungus that is used to bleach paper and decompose dioxin
B)   is a lichen that serves as food for reindeer
C)   is the cause of lung disease
D)   is an hallucinogenic mushroom
E)   is a rust that causes oak trees to shed their leaves prematurelyF) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 6

Which of the following diseases is NOT caused by an ascomycete?

Accepted Answer

A)   apple scab
B)   wheat rust
C)   powdery mildew
D)   chestnut blight
E)   Dutch elm diseaseF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 7

The hyphae of basidiomycetes:

Accepted Answer

A)   can contain one diploid nucleus
B)   can contain one haploid nucleus
C)   can be dikaryotic
D)   can be heterokaryotic
E)   can be any of the choices provided except "one diploid nucleus"F) B) and C)
G) D) and E)

Question 8

Some fungi are called rusts because:

Accepted Answer

A)   they give a reddish cast to soils in which they grow
B)   they have reddish spores that emerge from the leaves of infected plants
C)   the enzymes they produce for breaking down wood also causes iron to rust
D)   they produce rust-colored mushrooms as fruiting bodies
E)   none of the other choices providedF) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 9

Which of the following statements best describes the benefit of lichens for humans?

Accepted Answer

A)   Lichens can be used to monitor levels of chemical pollutants in the air.
B)   Lichens can be used to monitor radiation levels.
C)   Lichens begin soil formation by breaking down parent rock.
D)   Lichens fix nitrogen.
E)   all of the choices providedF) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the sexual life cycle of bread mold?

Accepted Answer

A)   (1)  Multinucleate gametangi are produced and compatible strains undergo plasmogeny, and form (2)  a heterokaryotic zygosporangium. (3)  Karyogamy of the haploid nuclei takes place to form many diploid nuclei and the zygosporangium develops into a thick-walled zygospore. (4)  Meiosis occurs and produces many haploid spores, that (5)  are dispersed in air and germinate when finding a suitable environment.
B)   (1)  Multinucleate gametangi are produced and compatible strains undergo karyogamy and plasmogamy, and form (2)  a heterokaryotic zygosporangium. (3)  Meiosis of the diploid nuclei takes place to form many haploid nuclei and the zygosporangium develops into a thick-walled zygospore. (4)  Fusion of haploid nuclei occurs and produces spores, that (5)  are dispersed in air and germinate when finding a suitable environment.
C)   (1)  Uninucleate gametangi are produced and compatible strains undergo plasmogeny and form (2)  a dikaryotic zygosporangium. (3)  Karyogamy forms a diploid nucleus and the zygosporangium develops into a thick-walled zygospore. (4)  Meiosis of diploic nuclei occurs and produces four haploid spores, that (5)  are dispersed in air and germinate when finding a suitable environment.
D)   (1)  Multinucleate zygosporangia develop thick walls and undergo plasmogamy with compatible strains (2)  to form a heterokaryotic gametangium. (3)  Karyogamy of the haploid nuclei takes place to form many diploid nuclei and they develop into thick-walled spores. (4)  These undergo plasmogamy and produce diploid spores, that (5)  are dispersed in air and germinate when finding a suitable environment.
E)   (1)  Multinucleate gametangi with diploid nuclei are produced and compatible strains undergo meiosis (2)  to produce a heterokaryotic zygosporangium with haploid nuclei. (3)  Karyogamy of these nuclei takes place to form diploid nuclei that have a dark, thick wall. (4)  These develop into spores, that (5)  are dispersed in air and germinate when finding a suitable environment.F) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 11

A clamp connection is:

Accepted Answer

A)   a ring of hyphae produced by some fungi that is used to snare nematodes
B)   a bypass formed during cell division in basidiomycetes that aids distribution on nuclei
C)   the connection of a basidiospore to the basidium
D)   the sticky substance that holds shelf fungi onto trees
E)   the hyphae that hold crustose lichens onto rocksF) A) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 12

Soredia are:

Accepted Answer

A)   sexual reproductive bodies of lichens
B)   asexual spores of mushrooms
C)   mycelia of crustose lichens
D)   identical with conidia
E)   clumps of hyphae and algae that disperse lichensF) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 13

An individual basidium ultimately produces:

Accepted Answer

A)   eight diploid spores
B)   four genetically identical haploid spores
C)   four haploid spores, each genetically different
D)   eight identical haploid spores
E)   eight haploid spores, of which there are two each of four different genetic typesF) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 14

Which of the following statements best describes the condition of fungal spores?

Accepted Answer

A)   Sexual and asexual spores are both haploid.
B)   Sexual and asexual spores are both diploid.
C)   Sexual spores are haploid and asexual spores are diploid.
D)   Sexual spores are diploid and asexual spores are haploid.
E)   Haploid asexual spores fuse to form diploid sexual spores.F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 15

The sporangia (asci)  of ascomycetes each ultimately produces:

Accepted Answer

A)   eight diploid spores
B)   four genetically identical haploid spores
C)   four haploid spores, each genetically different
D)   eight identical haploid spores
E)   eight haploid spores, of which there are two each of four different genetic typesF) B) and C)
G) None of the above

Question 16

Which of the following attributes is NOT shared by animals and fungi?

Accepted Answer

A)   derived from protists
B)   heterotrophic
C)   absorptive nutrition
D)   secrete digestive enzymes
E)   have cell wallsF) A) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 17

Which of the following describe a growth form of lichens?

Accepted Answer

A)   crustose
B)   fruticose
C)   foliose
D)   all of the choices provided
E)   none of the choices providedF) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 18

Which of the following kinds of fungi is NOT an ascomycete?

Accepted Answer

A)   cup fungi
B)   yeasts
C)   morels
D)   truffles
E)   bread moldF) B) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 19

Some chytrids parasitize protists.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

In the life cycle of a bread mold, the stage in which diploid nuclei occur is:

Accepted Answer

A)   the gametangium
B)   the aseptate hypha
C)   the asexual spores
D)   the sporangium
E)   the zygosporangiumF) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

Exam 31: Fungi

Which of the following attributes is NOT shared by animals and fungi?

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Soredia are:

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Which of the following statements best describes the condition of fungal spores?

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Which of the following describe a growth form of lichens?

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Which of the following best describes the sexual life cycle of bread mold?

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Some fungi are called rusts because:

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Which of the following is NOT an advantage that fungal mycorrhizae bestow upon plants?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A dikaryotic cell:

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In the life cycle of a bread mold, the stage in which diploid nuclei occur is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An individual basidium ultimately produces:

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Which of the following diseases is NOT caused by an ascomycete?

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The hyphae of basidiomycetes:

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Which of the following statements best describes the benefit of lichens for humans?

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Which of the following kinds of fungi is NOT an ascomycete?

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The sporangia (asci) of ascomycetes each ultimately produces:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A clamp connection is:

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Phanerochaete chrysosporium:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some yeasts have "stripped-down" genomes as small as 200 protein-coding genes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following kinds of fungi is NOT a basidiomycete?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some chytrids parasitize protists.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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