A) It gives the general ages of rock stratA.( 1 million years) .
B) It gives exact ages of rock strata.( 1 year) .
C) It uses a technique in which the degree of radioactive decay is measured,the younger the rock the more radioactive decay.
D) It uses a technique in which the degree of radioactive decay is measured,the older the rock the more radioactive decay.
E) It does not work well with fossil remains that have not absorbed radiation.
G) A) and D)
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A) It is not supported by any empirical observations.
B) It does not obtain its principles from observation,as does science.
C) Its assumptions lead to no hypotheses that could be tested and possibly disproved.
D) The idea of creation by a supernatural agency lies outside the realm of science.
E) Only non-scientists believe it.
G) B) and C)
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A) 1 half-lives;5,600 years
B) 2 half-lives;11,200 years
C) 3 half-lives;16,800 years
D) 4 half-lives;22,400 years
E) 9 half-lives;50,400 years
G) All of the above
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A) the available food supply.
B) the available nest building material supplies.
C) the availability of potential mating partners.
D) the presence of ectoparasites on their feathers.
E) the need to improve their feather preening abilities.
G) A) and E)
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A) best suited for their parents' environment.
B) best suited for their current environment.
C) smaller than those of the previous generation.
D) larger than those of the previous generation.
F) None of the above
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A) Artificial selection is slower than natural selection.
B) Artificial selection is reversible;natural selection is not.
C) Artificial selection can produce maladaptive structures,natural selection cannot.
D) Artificial selection cannot produce changes as large as changes produced by natural selection.
E) In artificial selection,the magnitude of the selection pressure can be varied;in natural selection,it cannot.
G) C) and D)
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A) Evolution does not always produce more complex forms;sometimes less complex forms arise.
B) Because evolution is a random process,it does not require an input of energy.
C) Earth is not a closed system;it constantly receives an input of energy from the sun.
D) Living organisms are not subject to the second law.
E) The disorder generated by extinction balances the order created by evolution.
G) B) and E)
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A) no change was seen;it's much too soon.
B) some slight increase of bristle numbers was already evident.
C) a vast,overlapping range of bristle numbers was seen.
D) a slight increase in bristles in S,a slight decrease in R,with a little overlap in the middle ranges.
E) a huge increase in S,a huge decrease in R,with no overlap whatsoever.
G) C) and E)
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A) multiple toes
B) complex patterns of ridges on molar and premolars
C) lengthening of limbs
D) increase in body size
E) high-speed locomotion
G) A) and C)
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A) Homologous features must be found in a common ancestor.
B) It can include anatomical,physiological,or molecular features.
C) Features must share a common developmental pattern.
D) Species with homologous features must be relateD.
E) None of the features being compared can be vestigial.
G) All of the above
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A) same structure has evolved to carry out different function
B) structure loses its function altogether
C) different structures evolve in similar ways when subjected to the same selective pressures
D) structure becomes vestigial
E) structures found to be homologous
G) B) and C)
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A) the fossil record.
B) homology.
C) convergent evolution.
D) divergent evolution.
E) adaptation.
G) None of the above
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A) fossil dating.
B) successive rock layering.
C) radioactive isotope decay.
D) structural geology.
E) developmental geology.
G) B) and E)
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A) biblical account of the origin of the earth is literally true.
B) the earth is much younger than most scientists believe.
C) all species of organisms were individually created.
D) the organisms did not change from their original appearance.
E) extinct species are replaced with new ones.
G) C) and D)
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A) a variety of homologous structures.
B) a variety of phenotypes.
C) a variety of mutations.
D) a variety of reproductively isolated breeds.
E) a variety of different species.
G) B) and E)
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A) fossil record
B) homology
C) convergent evolution
D) biogeography
E) development
G) B) and C)
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A) The dark forms are selected against in nonpolluted forests.
B) The dark forms are distasteful to birds and are thus safe in polluted forests.
C) The light forms are selected against in nonpolluted forests.
D) Birds prey more on the dark forms in polluted forests
E) Dark forms emigrate from nonpolluted forests to polluted forests.
G) A) and B)
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A) the marsupials are all very primitive,having changed very little during the last 70 million years.
B) the marsupials are very similar to placental mammals in the ways they have adapted to similar ecological niches.
C) the marsupials have evolved much more rapidly than placental mammals and are more highly adapted.
D) the marsupial fossils look remarkably similar to the placental mammals of today.
E) living marsupials are little changed from the earliest marsupial fossil forms.
G) C) and D)
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A) More marked dark moths should be recaptured in polluted woodlands than in unpolluted woodlands.
B) Fewer marked light moths should be recaptured in polluted woodlands than in unpolluted woodlands.
C) Fewer marked dark moths should be recaptured in unpolluted woodlands than in polluted woodlands.
D) More marked light moths should be recaptured in unpolluted woodlands than in polluted woodlands.
E) Fewer unmarked dark moths should be captured in polluted woodlands than unmarked light moths.
G) All of the above
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A) fossil record
B) homology
C) convergent evolution
D) biogeography
E) development
G) None of the above
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