Question 1

When atoms of beryllium-9 are bombarded with alpha particles, neutrons are produced. What new isotope is also formed 
 24He+49Be→01n+______{ }_{2}^{4} \mathrm{He}+{ }_{4}^{9} \mathrm{Be} \rightarrow{ }_{0}^{1} \mathrm{n}+\_\_\_\_\_\_24​He+49​Be→01​n+______

Accepted Answer

A)    612C{ }_{6}^{12} \mathrm{C}612​C 
B)    35Li{ }_{3}^{5} \mathrm{Li}35​Li 
C)    38Li{ }_{3}^{8} \mathrm{Li}38​Li 
D)    510 B{ }_{5}^{10} \mathrm{~B}510​ B 
E)    512 B{ }_{5}^{12} \mathrm{~B}512​ BF) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 2

Both H2O and D2O can be used as moderators to slow neutrons in nuclear reactors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

The type of nuclear process illustrated below is called electron capture. ${ }_{62}^{138} \mathrm{Sm}+{ }_{-1}^{0} \beta \longrightarrow{ }_{61}^{138} \mathrm{Pm}$

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Decay of silicon-27 by positron emission yields

Accepted Answer

A)   magnesium-23.
B)   sulfur-31.
C)   phosphorus-27.
D)   silicon-26.
E)   aluminum-27.F) C) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 5

The mass of a nucleus is always less than the sum of the masses of the nucleons.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Complete and balance the nuclear equation  01n+92235U→3587Br+301n+{ }_{0}^{1} \mathrm{n}+{ }_{92}^{235} \mathrm{U} \rightarrow{ }_{35}^{87} \mathrm{Br}+3{ }_{0}^{1} \mathrm{n}+01​n+92235​U→3587​Br+301​n+  _______

Accepted Answer

A)    5718La{ }_{57}^{18} L a5718​La 
B)    57146La{ }_{57}^{146} \mathrm{La}57146​La 
C)    54145Xe{ }_{54}^{145} \mathrm{Xe}54145​Xe 
D)    54143Xe{ }_{54}^{143} X e54143​Xe 
E)   None of the above F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 7

Radioactive nitrogen-13 has a half-life of 10 minutes. After 40 minutes, how much of this isotope would remain in a sample that originally contained 96 mg

Accepted Answer

A)   6 mg
B)   8 mg
C)   10 mg
D)   12 mg
E)   None of the aboveF) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 8

Polonium-208 is an alpha emitter with a half-life of 2.90 years. How many milligrams of polonium from an original sample of 2.00 mg will remain after 8.00 years

Accepted Answer

A)   0.147 mg
B)   0.296 mg
C)   0.725 mg
D)   6.77 mg
E)   1.90 mgF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 9

Which one of the following statements about fission and fusion is false

Accepted Answer

A)   Fission occurs among the heaviest isotopes, whereas fusion occurs more readily for light isotopes.
B)   For a fission reaction the mass defect (Dm)  is negative, whereas for fusion Dm is positive.
C)   In order for fusion reactions to occur, temperatures must be in the millions of degrees.
D)   The fission of Pu-239 atoms produces a great number of isotopes of a large number of elements.
E)   Neutron-induced fission processes can occur at room temperature, rather than at millions of degrees.F) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 10

When lead-209 undergoes beta decay the balanced nuclear equation for this reaction is: ${ }_{82}^{209} \mathrm{~Pb} \rightarrow{ }_{83}^{209} \mathrm{Bi}+{ }_{-1}^{0} \beta$

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The dose unit of ionizing radiation is called the rad. The rad is defined in terms of

Accepted Answer

A)   the half-life of a radioisotope.
B)   the energy deposited per gram of an object.
C)   the biological damage produced.
D)   the accumulation of fission products.
E)   the number of ions per centimeter.F) B) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 12

List the number of protons, neutrons, and nucleons (protons + neutrons) , in that order, for an isotope with the symbol:    56137^{137}_{~~56}  56137​ Ba

Accepted Answer

A)   56, 81, 137
B)   81, 56, 137
C)   56, 137, 193
D)   137, 56, 193
E)   81, 137, 218 F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 13

Alpha particles are identical to

Accepted Answer

A)   protons.
B)   helium atoms.
C)   hydrogen atoms.
D)   helium nuclei.
E)   electrons.F) None of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 14

Determine how much energy is released when thorium-230 decays according to  230Th→4He+226Ra{ }^{230} \mathrm{Th} \rightarrow{ }^{4} \mathrm{He}+{ }^{226} \mathrm{Ra}230Th→4He+226Ra  . [Atomic masses: thorium-230 = 230.033127 amu; helium-4 = 4.002603 amu; radium-226 = 226.025403 amu]

Accepted Answer

A)   3.98 * 109 kJ/mol
B)   4.60 * 108 kJ/mol
C)   7.20 * 1011 kJ/mol
D)   4.90 * 109 kJ/mol
E)   7.15 * 1011 kJ/mol F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 15

The only stable isotope of aluminum is aluminum-27. What type of radioactive decay should be expected from  1328Al{ }_{13}^{28} \mathrm{Al}1328​Al

Accepted Answer

A)    11H{ }_{1}^{1} \mathrm{H}11​H 
B)    01n{ }_{0}^{1} 	ext{n}01​n 
C)    −1   0β{ }_{-1}^{~~~0} \beta−1   0​β 
D)    +1   0β{ }_{+1}^{~~~0} \beta+1   0​β 
E)    24He{ }_{2}^{4} \mathrm{He}24​HeF) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 16

A rock contains 0.37 mg of Pb-206 and 0.95 mg of U-238. Approximately how many U-238 atoms were in the rock when it was formed billions of years ago (The half life for 238U  →\rarr→  206Pb is 4.5 * 109 yr.)

Accepted Answer

A)   1.32 atoms
B)   5.8 * 10-6 atoms
C)   2.4 * 1018 atoms
D)   3.5 * 1018 atoms
E)   3.5 * 1021 atoms F) A) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 17

The fundamental unit of radioactivity is the ______ .

Accepted Answer

A)   Einstein
B)   Rad
C)   Chang
D)   Curie
E)   None of the aboveF) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 18

Sodium-22 is more stable than sodium-23.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

What fraction of radioactive atoms remains in a sample after six half-lives

Accepted Answer

A)   zero
B)   1/6
C)   1/16
D)   1/32
E)   1/64F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 20

On a neutron number versus proton number plot, the nucleus of oxygen-15 lies below the belt of stability. In the radioactive decay of oxygen -15, what subatomic particle is emitted

Accepted Answer

A)    +10e{ }_{+1}^{0} e+10​e 
B)    01n{ }_{0}^{1} n01​n 
C)    24He{ }_{2}^{4} \mathrm{He}24​He 
D)    −10e{ }_{-1}^{0} e−10​e 
E)   None of the above F) A) and C)
G) C) and D)

Exam 19: Nuclear Chemistry

Radioactive nitrogen-13 has a half-life of 10 minutes. After 40 minutes, how much of this isotope would remain in a sample that originally contained 96 mg

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Polonium-208 is an alpha emitter with a half-life of 2.90 years. How many milligrams of polonium from an original sample of 2.00 mg will remain after 8.00 years

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Complete and balance the nuclear equation 01n+92235U→3587Br+301n+{ }_{0}^{1} \mathrm{n}+{ }_{92}^{235} \mathrm{U} \rightarrow{ }_{35}^{87} \mathrm{Br}+3{ }_{0}^{1} \mathrm{n}+01​n+92235​U→3587​Br+301​n+ _______

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Decay of silicon-27 by positron emission yields

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On a neutron number versus proton number plot, the nucleus of oxygen-15 lies below the belt of stability. In the radioactive decay of oxygen -15, what subatomic particle is emitted

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When lead-209 undergoes beta decay the balanced nuclear equation for this reaction is: 82209 Pb→83209Bi+−10β{ }_{82}^{209} \mathrm{~Pb} \rightarrow{ }_{83}^{209} \mathrm{Bi}+{ }_{-1}^{0} \beta82209​ Pb→83209​Bi+−10​β

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The type of nuclear process illustrated below is called electron capture. 62138Sm+−10β⟶61138Pm{ }_{62}^{138} \mathrm{Sm}+{ }_{-1}^{0} \beta \longrightarrow{ }_{61}^{138} \mathrm{Pm}62138​Sm+−10​β⟶61138​Pm

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Both H2O and D2O can be used as moderators to slow neutrons in nuclear reactors.

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The only stable isotope of aluminum is aluminum-27. What type of radioactive decay should be expected from 1328Al{ }_{13}^{28} \mathrm{Al}1328​Al

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Alpha particles are identical to

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When atoms of beryllium-9 are bombarded with alpha particles, neutrons are produced. What new isotope is also formed 24He+49Be→01n+______{ }_{2}^{4} \mathrm{He}+{ }_{4}^{9} \mathrm{Be} \rightarrow{ }_{0}^{1} \mathrm{n}+\_\_\_\_\_\_24​He+49​Be→01​n+______

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The fundamental unit of radioactivity is the ______ .

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List the number of protons, neutrons, and nucleons (protons + neutrons) , in that order, for an isotope with the symbol: 56137^{137}_{~~56} 56137​ Ba

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The mass of a nucleus is always less than the sum of the masses of the nucleons.

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Sodium-22 is more stable than sodium-23.

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What fraction of radioactive atoms remains in a sample after six half-lives

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Determine how much energy is released when thorium-230 decays according to 230Th→4He+226Ra{ }^{230} \mathrm{Th} \rightarrow{ }^{4} \mathrm{He}+{ }^{226} \mathrm{Ra}230Th→4He+226Ra . [Atomic masses: thorium-230 = 230.033127 amu; helium-4 = 4.002603 amu; radium-226 = 226.025403 amu]

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Which one of the following statements about fission and fusion is false

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A rock contains 0.37 mg of Pb-206 and 0.95 mg of U-238. Approximately how many U-238 atoms were in the rock when it was formed billions of years ago (The half life for 238U →\rarr→ 206Pb is 4.5 * 109 yr.)

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The dose unit of ionizing radiation is called the rad. The rad is defined in terms of

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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Complete and balance the nuclear equation ${ }_{0}^{1} \mathrm{n}+{ }_{92}^{235} \mathrm{U} \rightarrow{ }_{35}^{87} \mathrm{Br}+3{ }_{0}^{1} \mathrm{n}+$ _______

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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When lead-209 undergoes beta decay the balanced nuclear equation for this reaction is: ${ }_{82}^{209} \mathrm{~Pb} \rightarrow{ }_{83}^{209} \mathrm{Bi}+{ }_{-1}^{0} \beta$

Correct Answer
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The type of nuclear process illustrated below is called electron capture. ${ }_{62}^{138} \mathrm{Sm}+{ }_{-1}^{0} \beta \longrightarrow{ }_{61}^{138} \mathrm{Pm}$

Correct Answer
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Both H₂O and D₂O can be used as moderators to slow neutrons in nuclear reactors.

Correct Answer
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The only stable isotope of aluminum is aluminum-27. What type of radioactive decay should be expected from ${ }_{13}^{28} \mathrm{Al}$

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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When atoms of beryllium-9 are bombarded with alpha particles, neutrons are produced. What new isotope is also formed ${ }_{2}^{4} \mathrm{He}+{ }_{4}^{9} \mathrm{Be} \rightarrow{ }_{0}^{1} \mathrm{n}+\_\_\_\_\_\_$

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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List the number of protons, neutrons, and nucleons (protons + neutrons) , in that order, for an isotope with the symbol: $^{137}_{~~56}$ Ba

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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Determine how much energy is released when thorium-230 decays according to ${ }^{230} \mathrm{Th} \rightarrow{ }^{4} \mathrm{He}+{ }^{226} \mathrm{Ra}$ . [Atomic masses: thorium-230 = 230.033127 amu; helium-4 = 4.002603 amu; radium-226 = 226.025403 amu]

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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A rock contains 0.37 mg of Pb-206 and 0.95 mg of U-238. Approximately how many U-238 atoms were in the rock when it was formed billions of years ago (The half life for ²³⁸U $\rarr$ ²⁰⁶Pb is 4.5 * 10⁹ yr.)

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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