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Exam 10: Motivating Employees

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Question 171

Multiple Choice

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According to the principles of scientific management,the best way to improve productivity is to:

A) give employees greater recognition for their efforts.
B) establish open two-way communications among all of the organization's employees and managers.
C) use time-motion studies to find the best method of doing each job,then teach those methods to employees.
D) use job rotation and job enlargement to make work more interesting and challenging.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Question 172

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Recent economic problems as well as demographic and social changes in Japan have led some Japanese firms to seek new approaches to management.

A) True
B) False

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Question 173

Multiple Choice

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According to the Thinking Green box titled,"Green Team Go!",CEO Steve Sarowitz of Paylocity utilized _____________,a form of open communication to motivate his employees to seriously consider a company-wide environmental initiative.

According to the Spotlight on Small Business box,"Big Motivators for Small Businesses",

To be competitive,____________ recommended that American firms adopt a new management style that was a hybrid of the approaches used by Japanese firms and those used by American firms called ________.

A key idea in reinforcement theory is that:

Task identity refers to the degree to which a job has a substantial impact on the lives or work of others in the company.

On the long flight back from South Korea,Aaron had plenty of time to reflect upon the challenges and successes of his business trip that took him to four Asian countries.His goal to sell his company's state-of-the-art bicycle pump to several foreign firms certainly could have gone better! Although the 10 companies he visited didn't turn him down,only one agreed to place an order.Representatives from one Indonesian firm and two Chinese firms asked him when he planned to come again! As Aaron reviewed his notes,he pondered,"Didn't they realize the expense of these international trips?" Aaron is experiencing:

According to goal-setting theory,in order for goals to enhance motivation and performance they must be:

___________ is the characteristic of work concerned with the degree of freedom,independence and discretion an employee has in scheduling work and determining procedures.

Herzberg's research found that improvements in the work environment were a more effective way to motivate employees than improvements in job content.

Susan is a baby boomer.She manages an office where most of the employees are in her age group.However,she recently hired Angie,who is a member of Generation X.Susan is likely to find that Angie is more interested in work/life balance than other employees in the office. One characteristic of many Gen Xers is that they expect more feedback than members of earlier generations.

Management at the local Hottie Potatee,a potato bar with all the fixings is trying to improve task efficiency by breaking down jobs into simple steps and assigning each step to a different worker.The key benefit of this approach is that it is one of the most effective ways to achieve job enrichment. Hottie Potatee is using job simplification.This procedure may increase task efficiency,but it also results in boring and repetitive jobs.This approach is inconsistent with job enrichment theory.In fact,job enrichment calls for both skill variety and task significance,which would be better accomplished if employees were given complex and challenging tasks.

Equity theory states that employees will perform well if they:

Every month Sam Tabor is assigned a different job at Russo & Daughters Financial Consulting.Sam enjoys the task variety and finds that switching jobs on a regular basis keeps the work from becoming boring.Russo & Daughters is using a technique known as job:

Herzberg's findings suggest that the best way for firms to increase worker motivation is to focus on improving pay and making working conditions more pleasant. Herzberg found that pay,working conditions,and other aspects of the job environment were hygiene factors,not motivators.The best motivators all involve job content.Thus,to improve motivation,firms should focus their efforts on making the work itself more interesting and rewarding.

Scientific management became the dominant strategy for improving productivity during the early 1900s.

Vroom's expectancy theory contends that prior to committing maximum effort to a task,employees want to know if they can accomplish the task and if it will equally reward everyone at work,even if others were not involved in the accomplishment of the task.

In analyzing the differences among Theories X,Y,and Z managers,it is appropriate to assess that:

Which of the following statements about high-context cultures reflects how managers in this type of culture might operate?