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Exam 6: Memory

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Question 201

True/False

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Clustering is one way of increasing the storage capacity and duration of short-term memory.

A) True
B) False

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Question 202

Multiple Choice

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The gradual, physical process of converting new long-term memories into stable, enduring memory codes is termed:

A) prospective memory.
B) chunking.
C) clustering.
D) memory consolidation.

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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Question 203

Multiple Choice

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Head injuries from automobile and motorcycle accidents are most likely to produce:

For her anatomy and physiology class, Chelsea has to learn a list of the 12 cranial nerves in correct order. Spending extra time rehearsing _____ would help her counteract the serial position effect.

During a Trivial Pursuit game, Seth was trying to think of the name of John Lennon's wife. "Yanni? Yo-yo? No, that's not it. I'm sure I'll think of …. Wait, I remember! It's Yoko Ono! That's the name of John Lennon's wife!" This example illustrates:

Studies with the sea snail Aplysia show that _____ is the neural basis for memories acquired through classical conditioning.

The stage model of memory consists of three distinct stages: sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory.

Numerous studies have been conducted looking at the factors involved in criminal convictions in which the convicted person ultimately turned out to be innocent of the crime. Those studies have consistently shown that the leading cause of wrongful convictions is:

Motivated forgetting of a painful or embarrassing memory because we don't want to consciously remember the information is called:

Cramming, or _____, is less effective than _____ at boosting memory.

Conner vividly remembers details from earlier in the day when a highway patrolman mistakenly pulled him over to arrest him for armed robbery. Conner's memory of this event is stored in his:

Unless the information is actively rehearsed, the maximum duration of short-term memory is about 20 seconds.

Mood congruence is an encoding specificity phenomenon in which a given mood tends to evoke memories that are consistent with that mood.

The most common cause of major neurocognitive disorder is long-term alcohol abuse.

Neuroscientist Eric Kandel won the Nobel Prize for his discovery that diseased neurons in the hippocampus are the cause of memory loss in Alzheimer's disease and other forms of neurocognitive disorder.

The prefrontal cortex processes memory involving movement and the emotional aspects of events.

It was _____ who said, "Psychological studies have shown that it is virtually impossible to tell the difference between a real memory and one that is a product of imagination or some other process. Our job as researchers in this area is to understand how it is that pieces of experience are combined to produce what we experience as 'memory.'"

Which model or theory describes the way that information is organized in long-term memory?

Compared to Asian mothers, when engaging in shared reminiscing with their children, Western mothers tend to emphasize the child's:

When old memories interfere with a new memory, _____ is said to have occurred.